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Na4Mn14O27.9H2O
Orthorhombic
Birnessite, a sodium manganese oxide hydrate mineral, was first reported from Sterling Hill by Frondel et al. (1960a) and has not been found at Franklin or been studied since. It occurs as black crusts with other manganese oxides as a weathering product of franklinite at the Noble pit (Frondel et al., 1960). The crusts vary from dense to earthy; the earthy material is composed of minute acicular crystals and lath-like crystals. Identification is not simple; it requires X-ray and other methods. The massive, fine-grained manganese oxides are very difficult to identify visually. Much material labeled wad, psilomelane, or pyrolusite may be birnessite, todorokite, cryptomelane, feitknechtite, woodruffite, or other species.
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| Copyright © 1995 by Pete J. Dunn |
Website
by Herb Yeates
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Link
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This
page created: January 11, 2001 |
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